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FRAMEWORK ACT ON QUALIFICATIONS

[Enforcement Date: Dec. 26, 2008] [Act No. 9190, Dec. 26, 2008, Partial Amendment] Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Career and Vocational Education Division) Tel.: 02-2100-6392

CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS

Article 1 (Purpose)

The purpose of this Act is to systemize the management and operation of the qualification system and to promote the development of lifelong job abilities by providing for the basic matters concerning qualification thereof, and thereby to elevate the socio-economic position of the people and realization of the ability-based society Article 2 (Definitions)

The definitions of terms used in this Act shall be as follows:

1. The term "qualification" refers to the level of mastering knowledge, skills, or attainments necessary for performing duties, which is evaluated or recognized in accordance with a certain set of standards and procedures;

2. The term "national standards of abilities for duties" means contents of knowledge, skills, attainments, etc. required for performing duties in the industrial sites, which are systemized by the State according to the category and level of the industries;

3. The term "qualification structure" refers to a system of levels of qualification so that school education, vocational training (hereinafter referred as "education and training"), and qualification can be mutually connected based on the national standards of abilities to perform duties;

4. The term "national qualifications" refers to the qualifications which are established, managed, and operated by the State;

5. The term "private qualifications" refers to the qualifications which are established, managed, and operated by persons other than the State; 6 The term "national qualification administrator" refers to the head of the central administrative agency which manages and operates the relevant national qualifications under the relevant laws and regulations;

7. The term "private qualification administrator" refers to a person who manages and operates the relevant private qualifications;

8. The term "relevant minister" refers to the head of the central administrative agency which publicly certifies the relevant private qualifications, and provides guidance and supervision thereof;

9. The term "qualification examination" means a process of evaluating abilities to perform duties, which is necessary for acknowledgment of qualifications.

10. The term "certification" refers to the activity of certifying private qualifications, performed by the State, for which the level of examination such as standards for examination, subjects of examination, and qualification for taking examination, etc. is equal or similar to those for national qualifications. Article 3 (Basic Direction of Management and Operation of Qualification System) Both national and private qualification administrators shall endeavor to reflect the following matters in managing and operating qualification systems:

1. Compliance with national job ability standards;

2. Compliance with qualification structures;

3. Linkage with education and training course;

4. Satisfying demands of industrial fields;

5. Contribution to the settlement of lifelong education and ability-based society; and

6. Securing compatibility among qualifications and international currency. Article 4 (Duties of State)

(1) The State shall establish national job ability standards, and endeavor to formulate and execute policies necessary so that qualifications may be managed and operated in accordance with such national job ability standards. (2) The State shall endeavor to formulate and execute policies necessary for establishing qualification structures.

(3) The State shall devise policies for connection among education and training, qualifications, and the industrial sites;

(4) The State shall respect the opinions of industrial fields and guarantee their participation in the process of management and operation of qualifications. (5) The State shall devise policies necessary for vitalizing private qualifications and elevating public confidence therein.

(6) The State shall formulate and implement policies necessary for securing compatibility among qualifications and international currency

CHAPTER II MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION SYSTEM OF

QUALIFICATIONS

Article 5 (National Job Ability Standards)

(1) The State shall develop and improve the national job ability standards upon taking into consideration the international standards and changes in industrial technologies, etc. (2) The national job ability standards shall contain the following matters:

1. Scope, contents, and levels of duties;

2. Knowledge, skills, and attainments required for performing duties and standards for and methods of evaluation; and

3. Other matters necessary for performing duties. (3) The Government shall endeavor to ensure that the education and training course, qualification examination and standards for setting questions therefor, standards for certifying private qualifications, etc. determined by the Government are prepared in accordance with the national job ability standards. (4) The detailed matters concerning development, improvement, and utilization of the national job ability standards shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 6 (Qualification Structure)

(1) The Government shall establish the qualification structure based on the national job ability standards and utilize it.

(2) Matters necessary for establishing the qualification structure shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.

Article 7 (Basic Plan for Management and Operation of Qualifications) (1) The Government shall establish the basic plans for management and operation of qualifications (hereinafter referred to as the "basic plans") through the deliberation by the Qualification Policy Deliberation Committee as referred to in Article 8, to efficiently promote qualification policies, and notify such basic plans to the heads of the central administrative agencies concerned. The same shall apply in the case of intending to alter the basic plans.

(2) The basic plans shall include the following matters:

1. Matters concerning development, improvement, and utilization of the national job ability standards;

2. Matters concerning establishment of qualification structure;

3. Matters concerning connection among education and training, qualifications, and industrial sites;

4. Matters concerning securing compatibility among qualifications and promotion of international currency of qualifications;

5. Matters concerning establishment, etc. of qualification information system;

6. Matters concerning operational performance and evaluation of qualification system; and

7. Other matters necessary for the development of the qualification system. (3) The heads of the central administrative agency concerned shall establish and promote the annual implementation plans for affairs under their control in accordance with the basic plans.

(4) Detailed matters concerning establishment and promotion of the basic plans and implementation plans shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 8 (Establishment, etc. of Qualification Policy Council) (1) The Qualification Policy Council (hereinafter referred to as the "Council") shall be established in the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology to deliberate on the following matters concerning qualifications:

1. Matters concerning the basic plans and adjustment of qualification policies;

2. Matters concerning establishment and promotion of the basic plans;

3. Matters concerning establishment, alteration, and discontinuance of national qualifications referred to in Article 11 (3);

4. Matters concerning areas where operation of private qualifications is not appropriate in accordance with Article 17 (1);

5. Matters concerning certification of private qualifications; and

6. Other matters referred to the Council for deliberation by the chairperson as he/she deems necessary concerning main policies for qualifications. (2) The Council shall be composed of not more than twenty members including the chairperson and vice-chairperson; and the chairperson shall be the Minister of Education, Science and Technology (hereinafter referred to as the "Minister"), the vice-chairperson shall be the Minister of Labor, and the members shall be the following persons:

1. The heads of the central administrative agencies concerned prescribed by Presidential Decree; and

2. Persons commissioned by the chairperson among the persons representing the fields of education and training, industries, or labor, in accordance with the recommendations of the heads of the central administrative agencies concerned. (3) Where deemed necessary, the chairperson may have the heads of the administrative agencies concerned attend the Council and state their opinions in relation to the affairs under their jurisdiction.

(4) The term of office for the members shall be two years, and they may be re- commissioned: Provided, that the terms of office for the chairperson, vice-chairperson, and members under section (2) 1 shall be the terms of holding such positions. (5) A working subcommittee shall be established in the Council to efficiently assist the deliberations of the Council.

(6) Matters necessary for the organization and operation of the Council and the working subcommittee shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 9 (Connection between Education/Training and Qualifications) (1) The national qualification administrator may grant national qualifications to the persons who have the specific requirements determined by the laws and regulations prescribing the relevant national qualifications (hereinafter referred to as the "laws and regulations related to national qualifications") among the persons who have completed the curriculum of the industrial education institutions referred to in subsection 2 of Article 2 of the Promotion of Industrial Education and Industry-Academic Cooperation Act, or the education and training courses operated in accordance with the national job ability standards among the job ability development training courses referred to in subsection 1 of Article 2 of the Act on the Development of Occupational Abilities of Workers. (2) The head of the industrial education institution referred to in subsection 2 of Article 2 of the Promotion of Industrial Education and Industry-Academic Cooperation Act may utilize the qualification, which the applicant for admission has acquired, as the data for selecting new students in accordance with the relevant category and level, or recognize it as earned credit units.

Article 10 (Establishment, etc. of Qualification Information System) (1) The Government may establish and operate a qualification information system required for the operation of a qualification system such as collection and management, etc. of information related to qualifications and persons who have acquired qualifications. (2) The Government may demand the persons managing and operating qualifications to submit data necessary for the establishment and operation of the qualification information system.

(3) Where deemed necessary, the Government may entrust the whole or part of the affairs in respect to the establishment and operation of the qualification information system to the related specialized institutions in accordance with the Presidential Decree. (4) Other matters necessary for the establishment and operation of the qualification information system shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. CHAPTER III NATIONAL QUALIFICATION

Article 11 (Establishment, etc. of National Qualifications) (1) The heads of the central administrative agencies may establish national qualifications in the areas applicable to the following subsections, by the laws and regulations related to national qualifications:

1. Areas directly related to the lives, health, and safety of the people;

2. Areas directly related to the public interest such as national defense, public security, education, and national key industries;

3. Areas where operation of private qualifications is difficult due to the lack of demand for acquisition of such qualifications; and

4. Other areas which are deemed necessary by the State. (2) The heads of the central administrative agencies shall not establish national qualifications using the same names as those of private qualifications certified in accordance with Article 19 (1) (hereinafter referred to as "certified qualifications") (3) Where deemed necessary for the establishment, alteration, or discontinuance (hereinafter referred to as "establishment, etc.") of the national qualifications, the heads of the central administrative agencies may request the Council for deliberation thereupon in accordance with Presidential Decree: Provided, that where there are conflicting opinions between ministries, they shall request the Council for deliberation thereupon. (4) Where establishment, etc. of the national qualification is deemed necessary, the Council may advise establishment, etc. of such national qualification to the head of the relevant central administrative agency related to such qualification. (5) In the event of advising establishment, etc. of the national qualification in accordance with section (4), the Council may request the head of the relevant central administrative agency for necessary materials.

Article 12 (Acquisition of National Qualification) (1) A person who intends to acquire a national qualification shall acquire such national qualification in accordance with the conditions as prescribed by the laws and regulations related to such national qualifications.

(2) The national qualification administrators shall deliver the certificates attesting acquisition of such national qualifications (hereinafter referred to as the "national certificates") to the persons who meet the requirements for acquiring national qualification in accordance with the conditions as prescribed by the laws and regulations related to national qualifications.

(3) Matters necessary for delivery and entries of the national certificates and other necessary matters shall be prescribed by the laws and regulations related to national qualifications. Article 13 (Exemption of Examination for National Qualification) The national qualification administrator may, where any person who applies to the following subsections intends to acquire the national qualifications, exempt the whole or part of the qualification examination, in accordance with the conditions as prescribed by the laws and regulations related to national qualifications:

1. A person who has acquired a related national qualification or certified qualification;

2. A person who has completed an educational and training course prescribed by the national qualification administrators;

3. A person who has acquired a related qualification in a foreign country;

4. A person who has acquired a related qualification in an area north of the military demarcation line; and

5. A person who is deemed to have an ability equivalent to the national qualification, prescribed by the laws and regulations related to national qualifications. Article 14 (Prohibition of Using Same Name)

(1) The private qualification administrators shall not use the same names as those of national qualifications.

(2) No person other than those who have acquired national qualifications may use the same names as those of national qualifications.

Article 15 (Arrangement of National Qualifications) Where there are qualifications which are not appropriate to maintain as national qualifications or are redundant, the national qualification administrators shall consolidate and arrange such qualifications.

Article 16 (Delegation and Entrustment of Management and Operation of National Qualification)

The national qualification administrators may delegate or entrust the whole or part of the authorities in respect to the management and operation, etc. of national qualifications according to the conditions as prescribed by the laws and regulations related to the national qualifications.

CHAPTER IV PRIVATE QUALIFICATIONS

Article 17 (Establishment and Registration, etc. of Private Qualification) (1) Any corporation, organization, or individual other than the State may establish private qualifications, and manage and operate them, excluding the areas applicable to the following subsections:

1. Areas related to the activities prohibited under other laws and regulations;

2. Areas directly related to the lives, health, and safety of the people and national defense;

3. Areas related to the activities which are harmful to the sound public morals or against the social orders; and

4. Other areas determined by Presidential Decree through the deliberation by the Council as inappropriate to be operated as private qualifications. (2) A person who has established any private qualification, and manages and operates such qualification shall register with the related specialized institution or organization designated by the Minister in accordance with the conditions as prescribed by Presidential Decree.

(3) The Minister may provide financial assistance required for performing the registration affairs to the institutions or organizations performing registration affairs in accordance with section (2) in accordance with the Presidential Decree.

(4) Matters necessary for the management and operation of the private qualifications referred to in section (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 18 (Disqualifications)

No person applicable to any of the following subsections shall be a private qualification administrator:

1. A minor, incompetent, or quasi-incompetent;

2. A person who has not been reinstated after being declared bankrupt;

3. A person who has been sentenced to imprisonment, and for whom three years have not yet elapsed from the date on which the execution of the sentence is terminated (including any cases where the execution of the sentence is deemed to be terminated) or the execution of the sentence is exempted;

4. A person who is under a probation period after being sentenced to the suspension of the execution of imprisonment or heavier punishment;

5. A corporation or organization, any of whose executives applies to any of subsections 1 through 4 (excluding the case where such executive is replaced within three months from the date such cause has occurred).

Article 19 (Certification of Private Qualifications) (1) The relevant ministers may certify private qualifications managed by the corporations after undergoing the deliberation by the Council in order to secure confidence in private qualifications and to elevate social currency of such qualifications. (2) Any private qualifications applicable to the following subsections shall not be certified as the private qualifications referred to in section (1):

1. Qualifications operated by the corporation which is under its liquidation procedure;

2. Qualifications managed and operated by a person who has not registered in accordance with Article 17 (2);

3. Qualifications for which three years have not passed since their certifications were cancelled in accordance with Article 26 (1).

(3) Matters necessary for the standards, procedures, etc. for certification of private qualifications shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 20 (Period of Certification, etc. by Private Qualification Administrator) (1) The period of certification by the private qualification administrator shall be prescribed and publicly announced by the relevant minister.

(2) The relevant minister may extend the period of certification referred to in section (1) for one time only within the extent of five years in accordance with the Presidential Decree. In this case, the deliberation by the Council shall be omitted. (3) A person who manages and operates certified qualifications (hereinafter referred to as the "administrator of certified qualification") may be recertified before the period of certification prescribed in sections (1) and (2) expires. (4) The provisions for certification of private qualifications shall apply mutatis mutandis to the recertification of the certified qualifications. Article 21 (Validity of Certified Qualification)

(1) Certified qualifications acquired within the period of certification shall be valid regardless of the expiration of the certification. Provided, that the same shall not apply where the term of validity of certified qualifications is expired. (2) Private qualifications acquired before certification of private qualification is obtained as referred to Article 19 shall be invalid as a certified qualification. Provided, that the same shall not apply to the case where a person has passed a qualification examination implemented by the certified qualification administrator upon the approval from the relevant minister as provided by Presidential Decree.

Article 22 (Delivery, etc. of Certificate of Certification) (1) In the event that the relevant minister certifies in accordance with Article 19, or extends the period of certification or recertifies in accordance with Article 20, he/she shall deliver a document certifying the certification of the relevant private qualification (hereinafter referred to as the "certificate of certification") to the certified qualification administrator. (2) Any private qualification administrator who has not acquired certification of private qualifications as referred to in Article 19 shall not deliver a certificate of qualification which states that the relevant qualification is certified. (3) Matters necessary for delivery and entries of the certificate of certification shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.

Article 23 (Acquisition, etc. of Certified qualifications) (1) A person who intends to acquire a certified qualification shall pass the qualification examination implemented by the certified qualification administrator. (2) The certified qualification administrator shall deliver a certificate certifying the acquisition of the certified qualification (hereinafter referred to as the "certificate of certified qualification") to the person who has passed the qualification examination under section (1). (3) Any person who has acquired a certified qualification shall receive the same treatment as the person who has acquired the national qualification equivalent thereto in accordance with other laws and regulations.

(4) No person may use the same name as the name of certified qualifications unless he/she has acquired the certified qualification.

(5) Matters necessary for the entries, etc. of the certificate of certified qualifications shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology.

Article 24 (Alteration of Certified Matters)

(1) The certified qualification administrator shall not alter the name of a certified qualification within the period of certification. (2) In the event of intending to alter the important matters prescribed by Presidential Decree such as the standards for examination of qualification (hereinafter referred to as the "standards for examination") among the matters certified in accordance with Article 19, the approval from the relevant minister shall be obtained. Article 25 (Corrective Order)

Where the certified qualification administrator has violated this Act in relation to the management and operation of certified qualifications, the relevant minister may order correction of the violation to the certified qualification administrator by designating a period for correction.

Article 26 (Cancellation of Certification or Suspension, etc. of Examination of Qualification)

(1) The relevant minister may cancel the certification or suspend the examination of qualification for a period within the extent of one year in the event that the certified qualification administrator applies to any of the following subsections. Provided, that in the event that he/she applies to the provisions of subsections 1 through 3, the certification shall be cancelled:

1. Where he/she applies to any of the subsections of Article 18;

2. Where he/she has acquired the certification by fraudulent or other illegal means;

3. Where he/she changes the name of the certified qualification in violation of Article 24 (1); and

4. Where he/she fails to comply with the corrective order from the relevant minister as referred to in Article 25.

(2) Where the certified qualification administrator intends to discontinue his/her certified qualification due to liquidation of the corporation or other unavoidable reasons, he/she shall report such fact to the relevant minister and return his/her certificate of certification to him/her.

(3) The relevant minister who has received the report pursuant to section (2) may, where he/she deems it necessary to retain the relevant qualification of certification, have the rights to manage and operate the relevant qualification of certification transferred to another certified qualification administrator or private qualification administrator. (4) Matters necessary for the standards for suspension of qualification examination and cancellation of certification referred to in section (1) and discontinuance of certified qualification, etc. referred to in section (2) shall be prescribed by the Ordinance of the Minister of Education, Science and Technology.

Article 27 (Duties of Certified Qualification Administrator) (1) In the event that any cause applicable to any of the following subsections occurs, the relevant minister shall publicly announce such fact within twenty days from the date such cause has occurred:

1. Certification of private qualification as referred to in Article 19;

2. Period of certification, extension of period of certification, and recertification referred to in Article 20;

3. Approval for alteration of certified matters by the relevant minister referred to in Article 24 (2);

4. Cancellation of certification, suspension of qualification examinations, and discontinuance of the certified qualification referred to in Article 26; and

5. Other matters which affect the interest of the person who has acquired the certified qualification.

Article 29 (Guidance and Supervision by Relevant Minister) (1) The relevant minister shall conduct guidance and supervision for the certified qualification administrator under his/her control once a year to elevate the public confidence in the certified qualification.

(2) The relevant minister may, where the certified qualification administrator operates differently from the certified contents, conduct guidance and supervision, aside from the regular guidance and supervision referred to in section (1). (3) Where deemed necessary, the relevant minister may order the certified qualification administrator under his/her jurisdiction to make necessary reports, submit data, and other necessary directions.

CHAPTER V SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS

Article 30 (Preferential Treatment to Persons Having Qualifications) (1) In the event of granting permission, authorization, registration, or licensing for businesses or allowing profits in the area of duties of national qualifications or certified qualifications, the State and local governments may preferentially treat persons who acquired national qualifications or certified qualifications in the relevant area within the scope of not violating other laws and regulations. (2) In the event of hiring, promoting, or transferring employees or taking other actions in personnel affairs, the owner of the business may give preferential treatment to persons who acquired national qualifications or certified qualifications in the relevant area. Article 31 (Duty of Good Faith, etc. of Persons Having Qualifications) (1) Any person who acquired any qualification shall perform his/her duties related to his/her qualification in good faith, and maintain his/her dignities. (2) No person may lend a qualification acquired by him/her to other persons, nor shall he/she borrow qualifications acquired by others.

Article 32 (Cancellation, Suspension, etc. of Acquisition of Qualification) The national qualification administrators may take measures such as cancellation or suspension of qualifications, and restriction on taking national qualification exams against any person who has acquired a national qualification by fraudulent or other illegal means, any person who has lent a national qualification to another person or has borrowed a national qualification from another person, in accordance with the laws and regulations related to the national qualifications.

Article 33 (Prohibition, etc. of Exaggerated Advertisement) (1) In the event that any person advertises in relation to qualifications, he/she shall indicate the type of the qualification and the person who manages and operates such qualification, and he/she shall not advertise any false or exaggerated information which may deceive or mislead the consumers.

(2) Any private qualification administrator shall not advertise uncertified private qualifications as certified qualifications, nor shall he/she advertise that the uncertified private qualifications have effects under certification. (3) Other matters necessary for the advertising, etc. of qualifications shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree.

Article 34 (Management of Information for Persons Having Qualifications) (1) The national qualification administrators and certified qualification administrators shall systemize and manage the qualification information concerning the persons who acquired the relevant national qualifications and certified qualifications for the efficient operation of the qualification system and protection of rights and interests, etc. of the persons who acquired qualifications.

(2) The national qualification administrators shall periodically submit the information managed pursuant to section (1) to the relevant minister. (3) Any person who manages or used to manage the qualification information pursuant to section (1) shall not use qualification information for unjust purposes such as disclosing any personal qualification information which has come to his/her knowledge in the course of conducting affairs, or providing such information for the use of other persons, etc. (4) Detailed matters such as contents and utilization of information to be managed pursuant to section (1) shall be prescribed by Presidential Decree. Article 35 (Supplementary Education)

The national qualification administrators and certified qualification administrators may implement supplementary education where it is necessary for the maintenance and development of job abilities of the persons who acquired the relevant national qualifications and certified qualifications.

Article 36 (Hearing)

Where the relevant minister intends to cancel the certification pursuant to Article 26 (1), he/she shall hold a hearing.

Article 37 (Service Charges)

Any person who applies to any of the following subsections shall pay the service charges in accordance with Presidential Decree or other laws and regulations related to the national qualifications:

1. A person who intends to undergo a national qualification examination;

2. A person who intends to be issued or reissued the certificate of national qualification;

3. A person who intends to be certified or recertified for private qualification; and

4. A person who intends to be issued other various written verifications related to qualifications.

Article 38 (Delegation and Entrustment of Authority) (1) The Minister may entrust the affairs of survey and research necessary for the establishment and execution of policies pursuant to Article 4 to the related specialized institutions in accordance with the Presidential Decree.

(2) The relevant minister may delegate part of his/her authority in respect to the certification of private qualifications to the affiliated agencies, or delegate or entrust to other administrative agencies or related specialized institutions. Article 39 (Penal Provisions)

Any person who applies to any of the following subsections shall be punished by imprisonment not exceeding three years or by a fine not exceeding thirty million won: Provided, that, in the case of subsection 1, where there are penal provisions in the laws and regulations related to the national qualifications, such penal provisions shall prevail:

1. A person who establishes or managed and operated the private qualifications which are prohibited in Article 17 (1);

2. A person who has delivered a certificate of qualification which states that such qualification has been certified in violation of Article 22 (2);

3. A person who has been certified by fraudulent or other illegal means as referred to in Article 26 (1) 2;

4. A person who has advertised uncertified qualifications as certified qualifications, or has advertised that the uncertified qualifications have effects under certification in violation of Article 33 (2); and

5. A person who has used qualification information for unjust purposes such as disclosing any personal qualification information or providing such information for the use of other persons in violation of Article 34 (3).

Article 40 (Penal Provisions)

Any person who applies to any of the following subsections shall be punished by imprisonment not exceeding one year or by a fine not exceeding ten million won: Provided, that in the case where there are penal provisions in the laws and regulations related to the national qualifications, such penal provisions shall prevail:

1. A person who has used the same name as the name of the national qualification in violation of Article 14;

2. A person who has used the same name as the name of the certified qualification without acquiring certified qualification in violation of Article 23 (4);

3. A person who has failed to comply with the corrective order by the relevant minister in violation of Article 25;

4. A person who has lent or transferred his/her certificate of certification to other persons, or a person who has borrowed or been transferred such certificate in violation of Article 27 (2); and

5. A person who has lent the acquired qualification to other persons or who has borrowed the qualification acquired by another person.

Article 41 (Penal Provisions)

A person who has advertised any false or exaggerated information in relation to qualifications shall be punished by a fine not exceeding thirty million won: Provided, that, in the case where there are penal provisions in the laws and regulations related to the national qualifications, such penal provisions shall prevail: Article 42 (Joint Penal Provisions)

If a representative of a corporation or organization, or an agent, a servant, or other employees of a corporation, organization, or an individual commits any offense referred to in Articles 39, 40 (excluding subsection 5), and 41 in connection with the affairs of such corporation, organization, or individual, the relevant corporation, organization, or individual shall be subject to a fine prescribed by each of the relevant Articles in addition to the punishment of the offender: Provided, that this does not apply when the corporation, organization, or individual concerned was not negligent in paying attention to and supervising the relevant duties to prevent such offenses. [This Article Wholly Amended by Act No. 9190, Dec. 26, 2008] ADDENDUM

This Act shall enter into effect on the date of its promulgation.