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Agreement between the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Government of the Republic of Singapore on the Establishment of a Free Trade Area

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ANNEX 4A


JORDAN’S SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS


Explanatory Note


The classification of service sectors in this schedule is based on the 1991

professional Central Product Classification (CPC) of the United Nations Statistical Office and WTO document MTN.GNS/W/120 dated 10 July 1991 unless otherwise indicated by the absence of a CPC number or otherwise indicated in the specific service sector . The scheduling of specific commitments follows the guidelines stated in WTO documents MTN.GNS/W/164 dated 3 September 1993 and MTN.GNS/W/164/Add.1 dated 30 November 1993.



HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN – SCHEDULE OF SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS


Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

  1. HORIZONTAL COMMITMENTS

All sectors included in this schedule



  1. All investments in public utilities are generally subject to

Regarding subsidies, modes 1), 2), 3) and
4) are Unbound.

  1. Foreign investments may not be less than JD 50,000. This does not apply to investments in public share-holding companies.

Real Estate:

  1. All purchase of real estate by non- Jordanian firms must be related to the approved business activities and is

subject to Cabinet authorization.
Lease of real estate by non- Jordanian firms for more than three years is subject to Cabinet approval.
All juridical entities are prohibited from engaging in real estate trading.
State Owned Land:

  1. Authorization for purchase or

lease of state owned lands is restricted to
Jordanian nationals.



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

concession. In sectors where service provision is granted by concession, commercial establishment must be in the form of Public Shareholding Companies.


  1. Unbound except for measures concerning the entry and temporary stay of a natural person who falls in one of the following categories:

Business visitors

A natural person who stays in Jordan without acquiring remuneration from within Jordan and without engaging in making direct sales to the general public or supplying services, for the purposes of participating in business meetings, business contacts including negotiations for the sale of services and/or other similar activities

including those to prepare for establishing a commercial presence in Jordan. Entry and stay shall be for a period of 90 days.

Intra-Corporate Transferees

Natural persons employed by a juridical entity of another member for

a period of not less than one year and who seek temporary stay in order to

  1. Unbound, except for measures affecting the categories referred to under market access.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

render services to (i) the same juridical entity which is engaged in substantive business operation in Jordan or (ii) a juridical entity constituted in Jordan and engaged in substantive business operation in Jordan which is owned by or controlled by or affiliated with the aforementioned juridical entity.

Executives

Natural persons who are senior employees of a juridical entity, who are responsible for the entire or a substantial part of the entity’s

operations in Jordan, receiving general supervision or direction principally from higher level executives, the

board of directors or stock-holders of the business.

Managers

Natural persons who direct the juridical entity, or department or sub- division of the juridical entity, supervise and control the work of supervisory, professional or managerial employees, have the authority to hire and fire or recommend hiring, firing, or other



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

personnel actions and exercise discretionary authority over day-to- day operations at a senior level.

Specialists

Natural persons employed by a

juridical entity and possess knowledge at an advanced level of expertise and proprietary knowledge of a juridical entity product, service, research, equipment, techniques, or

management.

Professionals

Natural persons seeking to engage, as part of services contract granted by a juridical entity engaged in substantive business in Jordan and obtained by a juridical entity of another Member,

(other than entities providing services as defined by CPC 872) which has no commercial presence in Jordan in the activity at a professional level. The person must possess the necessary academic credentials and professional qualifications, which have been duly recognized, where appropriate by the

professional association in Jordan. The commitment relates only to the service activity which is the subject of the



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

contract.

Work permits for all categories are granted on the basis of an economic needs test, i.e. to candidates whose qualifications are not available in Jordanians or those who are seeking work in fields in which Jordanians are in short supply.

Intra-corporate transferees who are executives, managers and specialists

(as defined above) are presumed to meet the economic needs test requirements.

Temporary work and residency

permits are required. Such permits are issued for a maximum period of one year, but are renewable.



  1. SECTOR-SPECIFIC COMMITMENTS
  1. BUSINESS SERVICES
  1. Professional Services

Residency requirements:
4) Managing director of a branch or juridical entity must be resident in Jordan.


  1. Legal services

(advisory services on foreign law only

(excluding Jordanian

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None, representation in Jordanian courts is assigned only to

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


Law) (part of CPC 861)


  1. Auditing (part of

CPC 862)


  1. Accounting and bookkeeping services

(part of CPC862)

  1. Taxation services

(CPC 863)

  1. Architectural services

(CPC 8671)


  1. Engineering services

(CPC 8672)


  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Auditing services must be performed through a resident licensed auditor in Jordan.
  3. Auditing services must be performed through a resident licensed auditor in Jordan.
  4. None, service to be provided through resident auditors as natural persons or in general partnerships. Auditors must be Jordanian nationals.
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Auditors must be Jordanian nationals.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  10. None for consultation, planning or design services. However, all engineering designs and plans must be undersigned by a local

Jordanian nationals.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  10. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

engineering firm before


  1. ) Urban planning and landscape architectural services (CPC 8674)

implementation in Jordan.

  1. None for consultation, planning or design services. However, all engineering designs and plans must be undersigned by a local engineering firm before implementation in Jordan.
  2. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation. Also, at least 50% of equity must be held by engineers. Otherwise, non- Jordanian engineering and architectural firms may

provide services only through a contractual association with

Jordanian firms for the purpose of implementing a specific project or tender.

Architects, engineers, urban planners and landscape architects must be Jordanian nationals.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Architects, engineers, urban planners and landscape

  1. None
  2. Foreign firms are required to train and upgrade the technical and management skills of local employees.
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

architects must be Jordanian nationals.


  1. Medical services

(excluding Dental services) (CPC 9312)


  1. Services provided by midwives, nurses, physiotherapists

CPC 93191)

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None, except access is restricted to physicians. Physicians must be Jordanian nationals.
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Physicians must be Jordanian nationals.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Physicians Association pensions and social security program is available for Jordanians only.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Other Pharmacists
  1. None
  2. None
    1. Access restricted to pharmacists as natural persons

or in general partnership. Only one outlet per pharmacist allowed. Pharmacists must be Jordanian nationals.

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Pharmacists must be Jordanian nationals.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Computer and Related Services
  1. Consultancy services related to the

installation of computer hardware (CPC

841)

  1. Software implementation services (CPC 842)
  2. Data processing services

(CPC 843)

  1. Data base services

(CPC 844)

  1. Maintenance and repair services of office machinery and equipment including computers (CPC 845)
  2. Other computer services (CPC 849)
  1. Research and

Development Services

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. R & D services on 1) None 1) None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


natural sciences (CPC

851) excluding geology related sciences

  1. R & D services on social sciences and humanities (CPC 852)
  2. Inter disciplinary R & D services (CPC 853)
  1. Real Estate Services
  1. Real estate services involving own or leased property

(CPC 8210)

  1. On a fee or contract basis (CPC 822)
  1. Rental/leasing service

without operators

  1. Leasing or rental services concerning ships without operators
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of research center must be a Jordanian national.
  4. Unbound.
  5. None
  6. Access restricted to Jordanian natural persons. Juridical entities are not allowed. Real estate agents and licensed surveyors must be Jordanian nationals.
  7. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Real estate agents and licensed surveyors employed by real estate offices must be Jordanian nationals.
  8. None
  9. None
  10. Subject to 50% foreign equity
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  4. Unbound.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  8. None
  9. None
  10. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


(CPC 83103) d) elating to other machinery and

equipment

CPC 83106-83109)

  1. Other Business

Services

  1. Advertising services

(CPC 871)


  1. Market research

(CPC 86401)

  1. Management consulting service (CPC 865)
  2. Services related to management consulting

limitation.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Access restricted to Jordanian natural persons, Jordanian partnerships with maximum

50% foreign equity and Jordanian limited liability companies with maximum

50% foreign equity. Director of advertising agency must be a Jordanian national.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of advertising agency must be a Jordanian national.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

(CPC 866)

  1. Packaging services

(CPC 876)


  1. Public Opinion Polling

Services (CPC 86402)


  1. Technical testing and analysis services

(CPC 8676)


  1. Services incidental to agriculture (CPC 8811)
  2. Services incidental to animal husbandry, only advisory and consultancy services

(part of CPC 8812)

  1. Unbound.
  2. None
  3. None, except director of public opinion bureau must be a Jordanian national.
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of public opinion bureau must be a Jordanian national.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None, except geo-technical testing services are subject to

50% foreign equity limitation.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation.
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Unbound
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  9. None
  10. None
  11. None
  12. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Services incidental to 1) None 1) None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


manufacturing (CPC

884 & 885)


  1. Related scientific and technical consulting services (part of CPC

8675) excluding prospecting, surveying, exploration,

exploitation and map making


  1. Maintenance and repair of equipment (not including maritime vessels, aircraft, or

other transport

  1. None
  2. None, except for engineering

or related services and printing and publishing services, which are subject to the same limitations under (CPC 8672) and (CPC 88442).

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Unbound
  3. None
  4. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation. Cabinet authorization is required. Geologists/ geological engineers must be Jordanian nationals.
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Geologist/geological engineers must be Jordanian nationals.

  1. Unbound*
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  4. Unbound.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  8. Unbound*
  9. None
  10. None
  11. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

*Unbound due lack of technical feasibility



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

equipment and television and radio transmitters and apparatus for line telephony or telegraphy; and radio broadcast equipment)

(CPC 633, 8861-8866)

  1. Photographic services

(excluding military portraits and aerial photography of the territory of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan) (CPC 875)

  1. Convention services

(CPC 87909)

  1. Unbound*
  2. None
  3. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation.
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. Unbound*
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Unbound*
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. Unbound*
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Printing and Publishing 1) None

(CPC 88442) 2) None

  1. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation. However, ownership of periodical publications is restricted to
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

Jordanian natural persons or Jordanian juridical entities wholly owned by Jordanians. Director of printing and publishing house must be a Jordanian national.


  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of printing and publishing house must be a Jordanian national.
  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

  1. COMMUNICATION SERVICES
  1. Courier services

(CPC 7512)


  1. Telecommunication

Services

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Jordan's commitments are based on the Chairman's Note dated 16 January 1997 (S/GBT/W/2/Rev.1).

Jordan has removed its market access limitation on spectrum availability, in light of the Chairman's note S/GBT/W/3 dated 3 February 1997 on market access limitations on spectrum availability.


  1. Voice telephone services

(CPC 7521)

  1. Telex services

(CPC 7523)

  1. Telegraph services

(CPC 7522)

  1. Facsimile services

(CPC 7521 + 7529) g) Private leased circuit services (7522+7523)


  1. Packet- switched data transmission services

(CPC 7523)

  1. Circuit- switched data
  1. International callback is not allowed. Starting no later than

31 December 2004, none.

  1. None
  2. Jordan Telecommunications Company (JTC) has the exclusive right until 31

December 2004. Starting no later than 31 December 2004, none.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Service provided only over circuits leased from JTC.
  1. International callback is not allowed. Starting no later than 31

December 2004, none.

  1. None
  2. Unbound. Starting no later than

31 December 2004, none.


  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None

Jordan undertakes the obligations contained in the reference paper attached hereto.



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


transmission services

(CPC 7523)

Value added services:

  1. e-mail (CPC 7523)
  2. voice-mail (CPC 7523)
  3. On-line information and data base-retrieval

(CPC 7523).

  1. Electronic Data

Interchange (CPC

7523)

  1. Enhanced value added facsimile services (CPC

7523)

  1. Code and protocol conversion
  2. On-line information and/or data processing

(including transaction processing) (CPC 843) Internet (excluding voice telephone and facsimile services)

Starting no later than

31December 2004, none.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

Mobile voice and data services


Global Mobile Personal Communication by Satellite (GMPCS)


Paging Services (land based)

(CPC 75291)


Public pay-phone services (booth

  1. None
  2. None
  3. Commercial presence is subject to 51% foreign equity limitation.

Starting no later than 31

December 2004, none.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None, except through local authorized provider (gateway provider).
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. The total number of service suppliers is subject to an economic needs test. Starting no later than 31 December

2004, none.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. International callback is not allowed. Starting no later than
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound. Starting no later than

31 December 2004, none.


  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  10. International callback is not allowed. Starting no later than

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


  1. 31 December 2004, none.
    1. None
      1. The total number of service suppliers is subject to an economic needs test. Starting no later than 31 December

2004, none.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

31December 2004, none.

  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Audio-visual services
    1. Motion picture and video-tape production and distribution services (CPC 9611)
    2. Motion picture projection service (CPC

9612)

  1. Sound recording

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None, except motion picture and video-tape distribution services are subject to 50% foreign equity limitation. Director of retail outlet must be a Jordanian national.
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of retail outlet must be a Jordanian national.

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

  1. CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES
  1. General Construction

Work for buildings

(CPC 512)


  1. General Construction

Work for Civil

Engineering (CPC 513)


  1. Installation and

Assembly Work

(CPC 514 + 516)


  1. Building Completion

and Finishing Work

(CPC 517)


  1. Other

(CPC 511, 515, 518) excluding site preparation work for mining (CPC 5115)

  1. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
  1. Unbound*
  2. None
  3. Foreign equity in Jordanian construction and contracting firms is limited to 50%. Otherwise, non-Jordanian construction and contracting firms may provide services only through a contractual association with Jordanian firms for the purpose of implementing a specific project or tender.
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. The number of foreign engineers to be employed by a firm may not

exceed twice the number of qualified Jordanian engineers employed by the same firm.

  1. Unbound*
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

If, in future, Jordan's legislation permits non- Jordanian investors to own a greater percentage of equity



*Unbound due lack of technical feasibility



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

with respect to projects or

an economic activity in this sector, such liberalization will immediately be bound in Jordan's schedule of specific commitments


  1. Commission Agent’s Services (except for firearms) (CPC 621)
  2. Wholesale Trade

(except wholesale trade of firearms and pharmaceuticals) (CPC

622)

  1. Retailing Services

(except retail trade of pharmaceuticals) (CPC

631, 632, 6111, 6112,

6113, 6121)

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None, except access is restricted to Jordanian natural

persons, Jordanian partnerships with the majority ownership by Jordanians, and Jordanian companies with a Jordanian majority on the Board of Directors.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation, except that service providers that are also registered as agents in Jordan are subject to the same limitations applicable to

CPC 621.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound except as indicated in

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


  1. Franchising (CPC 8922,

8923, 8929)

  1. EDUCATIONAL SERVICES

in the horizontal section the horizontal section.


  1. Primary Educational

Services (CPC 921)


  1. Secondary Educational

Services (CPC 922)

  1. Higher Educational

Services (CPC 923)


  1. Adult Education

Services

(CPC 924)


  1. Other Education

Services (CPC 929), specifically cultural centers

  1. Unbound.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
  9. None
  10. None
  11. None, except director of adult education center must be Jordanian national.
  12. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of adult education center must be a Jordanian national.
  13. None
  14. None
  15. None, except director of cultural center must be a
  1. Unbound.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
  9. None
  10. None
  11. None
  12. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  13. None
  14. None
  15. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

Jordanian national.



  1. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
  1. Sanitation and Similar

Services (CPC 9403)


  1. Other

Cleaning Services of exhaust gases (CPC

9404)

Noise abatement services (CPC 9405) Other environmental protection services n.e.c. (CPC 9409)

Water Treatment Services 1

Water Purification Waste Water Treatment Water Recycling

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director of cultural center must be a Jordanian national.
  2. Unbound*
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

(1) Unbound*
(2) Unbound
(3) Access is restricted to companies

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Unbound*
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

(1) Unbound*
(2) Unbound
(3) Unbound



*Unbound due to lack of technical feasibility

1 As defined in Jordan’s national laws and regulations as of the date of signature of this Agreement.



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


Desalination

Fluid Treatment for Processed

Industries


  1. FINANCIAL SERVICES

providing services for the use of Singaporean private sector investors within a specific project and should not provide services to the public. Establishment and the supply of the
services should be in compliance with domestic laws and regulations, including fulfillment of the
requirement of environment assessment studies and subject to an agreement with the Government of Jordan. Number of service providers may be restricted.
(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


If and when applicable, the absence of any limitation on the ability of a resident consumer to purchase the service in the territory of another Member does not signify a commitment to allow a non-resident service supplier to solicit business or to conduct active marketing in the territory of the Member.


  1. Insurance and insurance

- related services

(CPC 812)

  1. Life, insurance services including health insurance services

(CPC 81211) and


  1. Commercial presence is required.
  2. Unbound.
  3. Access is restricted to public

  1. Commercial presence is required.
  2. Unbound.
  3. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


(CPC 81212) excluding pension fund management.

  1. Non- life insurance services (including accident insurance)

(CPC 8129)

  1. Reinsurance and retrocession (CPC

81299)


  1. Auxiliary Services

(CPC 8140)

share holding companies constituted in Jordan and to branches of foreign insurance companies.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Access is restricted to Public Share Holding companies constituted in Jordan and to branches of foreign reinsurance companies.
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


Agency services (CPC

81401)


Insurance consultancy

(CPC 81402 excluding pension consultancy)


Average and loss adjustment services

(CPC 81403)

  1. Unbound.
  2. Unbound.
  3. Access restricted to Jordanian natural persons, Jordanian general partnerships with majority ownership by Jordanians, and limited liability companies with

Jordanians as majority in board of directors. Insurance agent or director of agent company

must be Jordanian nationals.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Insurance agent or director of agent company must be Jordanian nationals.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section.
  6. Unbound.
  7. Unbound.
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Unbound.
  2. Unbound.
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section.
  9. Unbound.
  10. Unbound.
  11. None
  12. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Actuarial services (CPC 1) None 1) None



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


  1. 2) None
    1. None
      1. Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section.
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section.
  1. Banking and Other

Financial Services

(excluding insurance)

The establishment of a commercial presence (in mode 3 only) or the conduct of new activities is restricted to Public Shareholding companies constituted in Jordan, and to branches and subsidiaries of foreign banks, unless otherwise stated in the specific sub-sector.

Furthermore, it is noted that only Banks may undertake activities involving the acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public (CPC 81115-81119 excluding CPC 81117) and extend guarantees and commitments services (CPC 81199**) and money broking

(CPC 81339**). Financial service companies as seen in sub-sector entries below may provide all other financial activities. Financial service companies are licensed to undertake Investment Trusteeship, Investment Management, Financial Consultations Financial Brokerage,

Depository, Management of Primary Issues.


  1. Acceptance of deposits and other repayable funds from the public

(CPC 81115-81119

excluding CPC 81117)

  1. Guarantees and Commitments CPC 81199**)
  2. Money broking

(CPC 81339**)

  1. Lending of all types including consumer credit, factoring, mortgage credit, and
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  1. Real property in Jordan may not be mortgaged to banks outside Jordan.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Branches of foreign banks are required to

have a resident regional manager.


  1. Real property in Jordan may not be mortgaged to banks outside Jordan.
  2. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


financing of

commercial transaction

(CPC 8113)

  1. Financial leasing (CPC

8112)

  1. All payment and money transmission services

(CPC 81339)

  1. Trading for own account or for account of customers, whether on an exchange, in an

over-the-counter market or otherwise, the following:

Money market instruments (cheques, bills and certificates of deposits) (CPC

81339**)

Foreign Exchange

(CPC 81333) Derivative products

incl., but not limited to, futures and options

(CPC 81339**) Exchange rate and interest rate

  1. Service must be provided through banks and specialized financial companies.
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  3. None, except for derivative products, unbound.
  4. None, except for derivative products, unbound.
  5. Access restricted to:

a. Banks

b. Financial services companies constituted in Jordan, in the form of public

shareholding company, limited liability company or a limited partnership in shares company.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. None
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Branches of foreign banks are required to

have a resident regional manager.


  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

instruments, including products such as swaps and forward rate agreements (CPC

81339**)

Transferable securities

(CPC 81321) Other negotiable instruments and financial assets,

including bullion (CPC

81339**)


  1. Participation in issues of all kinds of securities, incl. under- writing and placement as agent (whether publicly or privately)

and provision of service related to such issues.

  1. Asset management, such as cash or portfolio management, all forms of collective investment

management, custodial, depository, trust services, and pension

  1. Unbound.
  2. Unbound, except for issuance and public offer of securities outside Jordan by foreign service providers abroad, and for management by service suppliers outside Jordan of assets which are not traded on Amman Financial Market or otherwise traded in Jordan.
  3. Access restricted to:

a. Financial services companies constituted in Jordan, in the form of public

shareholding company, limited liability company or a limited

  1. Unbound.
  2. Unbound, except for issuance and public offer of securities outside Jordan by foreign service

providers abroad, and for management by service suppliers outside Jordan of assets which are not traded on Amman Financial Market or otherwise traded in Jordan.

  1. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

fund management. partnership in shares company. b. Licensed banks through affiliated companies or

separate accounts.



  1. Settlement and clearing services for financial assets including securities, derivative products and other negotiable instruments.
  2. Advisory and other auxiliary financial services on all the activities (a - l) , incl. credit reference and analysis, investment and portfolio research and advice, advice on acquisitions and on corporate restructuring
  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Unbound*
  3. None
  4. Access restricted to the Depository Center at the Amman Bourse for securities, and to the Central Bank of Jordan for all other financial instruments.
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Access restricted to:

a. Financial services companies constituted in Jordan, in the form of a public

shareholding company, limited liability company or a limited partnership in shares company. b. Banks

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Unbound*
  3. None
  4. Access is restricted to the Depository Center at the Amman Bourse for securities, and the Central Bank of Jordan for all other financial instruments
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None

*Unbound due to lack of technical feasibility



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


and strategy 4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Provision and transfer

of financial information as related to financial data processing and related software by providers of other financial services

  1. HEALTH RELATED

& SOCIAL SERVICES

(other than those listed under 1.A.)

  1. Hospital Services

(CPC 9311)


  1. Social Services

(CPC 933). Specifically, these are nursing homes, convalescent homes, rehabilitation centers


  1. Other Human Health

Services, specifically

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. One of the owners must be a physician except in a public limited company.
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. At least ¾ of physicians in any hospital or nursing or convalescent homes must be Jordanian nationals; at least ½ of all staff must be Jordanian nationals.
  9. None
  10. None
  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None
  7. None
  8. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  9. None
  10. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


medical labs

(CPC 93199)


  1. TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES
  1. Hotel & Motel Lodging

Services, excluding casinos

(CPC 6411 & 6412)


Meal serving services with full restaurant services (excluding transport facilities)

(CPC 6421)

Meal serving services

in self-serving facilities

(cafeterias)

(CPC 6422) Beverage serving services for consumption on the premises, excluding casinos (CPC 643)

  1. None, except lab. director must be a Jordanian national.
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Lab. director must be a Jordanian national.
  3. None
  4. None
  5. None
  6. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Subject to 50% foreign equity limitation. Jordanian juridical entity is required for franchising. Foreign equity limitation does not apply to these services when operated

in hotels or motels.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section
  1. None
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  3. None
  4. None
  5. None
  6. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  7. None
  8. None
  9. None
  10. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


Caterer services providing meals to outside (CPC 6423). Institutional Food Service caterers (with the exception of Airport and airline catering facilities which are confined only to the national air carriers)

Air catering services

(part of CPC 6423)


  1. Travel Agencies and

Tour Operator Services

(CPC 7471)

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. Unbound
  6. Unbound
  7. Exclusivity is currently granted to the national carrier.

However, once exclusivity is lifted, access will be subject to

50% limitation on foreign equity and to any other limitations on legal form provided for by the Jordanian law. Number of service providers may be restricted.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Foreign travel agencies must implement their tours in Jordan through a local service

provider.

  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. Unbound
  6. Unbound
  7. None
  8. Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  9. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments



Tourist guide services

(CPC 7472)


  1. RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING

SERVICES (Other than audio-visual services)

  1. Other Entertainment

Services (CPC 96191) Theatrical producer,

  1. None
  2. Service may be provided through Jordanian natural or juridical entities with

maximum 50 % foreign equity

. Service provider must be a specialized tourist firm. Director must be a Jordanian national.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director must be a Jordanian national.
  2. None
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. Unbound*
  7. None
  8. None
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  4. Unbound
  5. None
  6. None
  7. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  8. Unbound*
  9. None
  10. None

*Unbound due lack of technical feasibility.



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


singer group, bands and orchestra entertainment services

Circus troupes

(CPC 96194)


  1. News Agency Services

(CPC 962) Correspondents only


  1. Libraries, Archives,

Museums and Other

Cultural Services

(CPC 963) Museum services

(except for historical sites and buildings)

(CPC 96321)

  1. Sporting and Other

Recreational Services

(CPC 964)

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Unbound*
  3. None
  4. Foreign circus shows must be sponsored by a registered Jordanian sports club.
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  10. None
  11. None
  12. None
  13. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  2. Unbound*
  3. None
  4. None
  5. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  6. None
  7. None
  8. None
  9. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  10. None
  11. None
  12. None
  13. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

Health and fitness clubs: 1) Unbound*

  1. None
  1. Unbound*
  2. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments



  1. TRANSPORT SERVICES

Commercial presence

(in mode 3) is subject to

50% foreign equity limitation.

  1. Maritime Transport

Services:

Transport services by

Sea –going vessels

(CPC 721)

  1. Passenger transportation (CPC

7211)

  1. Freight transportation

(CPC 7212)

  1. None
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

(1)(a) Liner Shipping: None, but all ships docking in Jordan must have a local Port Agent.

(b) Bulk, tramp, and other international shipping, including passenger transportation: None
(2) None

  1. None
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

(1) None


(2) None


The following services at the port are made available to international maritime transport suppliers on reasonable and non- discriminatory terms and conditions:
1. Pilotage (excluded)
2. Towing and tug assistance
3. Provisioning, fuelling, and watering.
4. Garbage collecting and ballast waste disposal.



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments

5. Port Captain’s services.



Maritime Auxiliary

Services

  1. Rental services of sea- going vessels with operator

(CPC 7213)


  1. Maintenance and repair of vessels (CPC 8868)

(3)(a) Establishment of registered company for the purpose of operating a fleet under the national flag of Jordan: None

(b) Other forms of commercial presence for the supply of international maritime transport services: None


(4) Unbound, except as indicated in horizontal section. 1/5 of crew on Jordanian ships must be Jordanian.


  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None

(3) Service fees for pilotage, berthing and docking are 10% less for Jordanian ships. Jordanian ships are exempt from any Port dues when anchoring in Jordanian territorial waters. Jordanian ships enjoy preferential treatment in prices of bunker provided at the Aqaba Port.

(4) Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.


  1. None
  2. None
  3. None
  4. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  5. None
  6. None

6. Navigation aids.
7. Shore-based operational services, essential to ship operations including communications, water and electrical supplies.
8. Emergency repair facilities.
9. Anchorage, berth and berthing services(excluded).


Please note that Pilotage and anchorage services have
been excluded due to the national treatment limitation as seen from commitments under the national treatment column.



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments



Storage and warehousing services

(CPC 742)


Shipping Agents Maritime Freight Forwarding Services

(CPC 748) Maritime Freight Inspection services

(CPC 749)

Food Supply Catering

(Provisioning)

  1. Air Transport Services

(as defined in the Annex on Air Transport)

Maintenance and repair of Aircraft (part of

CPC 8868)

  1. Access restricted to Jordanian natural or juridical entities.
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  3. Unbound*
  4. None
  5. None**
  6. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  7. Unbound.
  8. None
  9. Access restricted to Jordanian natural or juridical entities.
  10. Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  11. Subject to an agreement with

Royal Jordanian Airline

(National Carrier).

  1. None
  2. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  3. Unbound*
  4. None
  5. None**
  6. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  7. Unbound
  8. None
  9. None
  10. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  11. None

* A commitment on this mode of delivery is not feasible.

** Public utility concession or licensing procedures may apply in case of occupation of the public domain



Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments



Computer Reservation

Systems (CRS):

Sales and Marketing

Maintenance and Repair


Air Auxiliary Services

Freight forwarding services (part of CPC 748)


Packing and crating and de-packing and de- crating services (part of CPC 749)


Freight inspection services (part of CPC

  1. None
  2. Unbound
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  4. None
  5. None
  6. None
  7. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  8. None
  9. None
  10. Access restricted to Jordanian natural or juridical entities. Director must be a Jordanian national.
  11. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director must be a Jordanian national.
  12. None
  13. None
  14. Access restricted to Jordanian natural or juridical entities.
  15. Unbound except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  16. None, Jordan does not accept pre-shipment inspection for
  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  4. None
  5. None
  6. None
  7. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  8. None
  9. None
  10. None
  11. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  12. None
  13. None
  14. None
  15. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.
  16. None

Modes of supply: 1) Cross-Border supply 2) Consumption abroad 3) Commercial presence 4) Presence of natural persons

Sector or sub-sector Limitations on market access Limitations on national treatment Additional commitments


749) excluding pre- shipment inspection for customs valuation purposes on imports.

customs valuation purposes on imports.

  1. None, Jordan does not accept pre-shipment inspection for customs valuation purposes on imports.
  2. Access restricted to freight forwarders in the form of Jordanian natural or juridical entities. Director must be a Jordanian national. Once issuance of specialized licenses for provision of freight inspection services is

regulated, access will also be granted to inspection firms in the form of Jordanian natural or juridical entities.

  1. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section. Director must be a Jordanian national.

  1. None
  2. None
  3. Unbound, except as indicated in the horizontal section.

REFERENCE PAPER


Scope


The following are definitions and principles on the regulatory framework for the

basic telecommunications services. Definitions

Users mean service consumers and service suppliers.


Essential facilities mean facilities of a public telecommunications transport network or service that


(a) are exclusively or predominantly provided by a single or limited number

of suppliers; and

(b) cannot feasibly be economically or technically substituted in order to provide a service.


A major supplier is a supplier, which has the ability to materially affect the terms

of participation (having regard to price and supply) in the relevant market for basic telecommunications services as a result of:

(a) control over essential facilities; or

(b) use of its position in the market.


  1. Competitive safeguards

1.1 Prevention of anti-competitive practices in telecommunications


Appropriate measures shall be maintained for the purpose of preventing suppliers

who, alone or together, are a major supplier from engaging in or continuing anti- competitive practices.


1.2 Safeguards


The anti-competitive practices referred to above shall include in particular:


(a) engaging in anti-competitive cross-subsidization;

(b) using information obtained from competitors with anti-competitive results;

and

(c) not making available to other services suppliers on a timely basis technical information about essential facilities and commercially relevant information which are necessary for them to provide services.


  1. Interconnection

2.1 This section applies to linking with suppliers providing public

telecommunications transport networks or services in order to allow the users of one


supplier to communicate with users of another supplier and to access services provided by another supplier, where specific commitments are undertaken.


2.2 Interconnection to be ensured


Interconnection with a major supplier will be ensured at any technically feasible

point in the network. Such interconnection is provided.


(a) under non-discriminatory terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) and rates and of a quality no less favourable than that provided for its own like services or for like services of non-affiliated service suppliers or for its subsidiaries or other affiliates;

(b) in a timely fashion, on terms, conditions (including technical standards and specifications) and cost-oriented rates that are transparent, reasonable, having regard to economic feasibility, and sufficiently unbundled so that the supplier need not pay for network components or facilities that it does not require for the service to be provided; and

(c) upon request, at points in addition to the network termination points offered to the majority of users, subject to charges that reflect the cost

of construction of necessary additional facilities.


2.3 Public availability of the procedures for interconnection negotiations


The procedures applicable for interconnection to a major supplier will be made

publicly available.


2.4 Transparency of interconnection arrangements


It is ensured that a major supplier will make publicly available either its

interconnection agreements or a reference interconnection offer.


2.5 Interconnection: dispute settlement


A service supplier requesting interconnection with a major supplier will have

recourse, either:


(a) at any time or

(b) after a reasonable period of time which has been made publicly known


to an independent domestic body, which may be a regulatory body as referred to in paragraph 5 below, to resolve disputes regarding appropriate terms, conditions and rates for interconnection within a reasonable period of time, to the extent that these have not been established previously.


  1. Universal service

Any Member has the right to define the kind of universal service obligation it wishes to maintain. Such obligations will not be regarded as anti-competitive per se, provided they are administered in a transparent, non-discriminatory and competitively neutral manner and are not more burdensome than necessary for the kind of universal service defined by the Member.


  1. Public availability of licensing criteria

Where a licence is required, the following will be made publicly available:


(a) all the licensing criteria and the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning an application for a licence; and

(b) the terms and conditions of individual licences.


The reasons for the denial of a licence will be made known to the applicant upon request.


  1. Independent regulators

The regulatory body is separate from, and not accountable to, any supplier of

basic telecommunications services. The decisions of and the procedures used by regulators shall be impartial with respect to all market participants.


  1. Allocation and use of scarce resources

Any procedures for the allocation and use of scarce resources, including

frequencies, numbers and rights of way, will be carried out in an objective, timely, transparent and non-discriminatory manner. The current state of allocated frequency bands will be made publicly available, but detailed identification of frequencies allocated for specific government uses is not required.